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        Over the years, climate changes have become a very popular issue talked by everyone in the world. The world is obviously getting warmer and warmer. Ice bergs at the North and South Pole are melting and caused the sea water level started to rise. If this situation happened to continue, the impacts to the world is very large and can cause death. This warming of the world, called the global warming, largely is result of emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases such as carbon monoxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and others. These gases are mainly result from various human activities like deforestation, burning of fossil fuels for generate energy and transportation and industrial processes.

            In the last twenty years, the global warming issue has been concerned. They believed that the global warming is due to increase of greenhouse gas concentration in the ozone. The continuous emissions of greenhouse gas will result in additional warming over the 21^st century. The global average surface temperature could be anywhere from 1.4 to 5.8°C higher by the end of the 21^st century. Current projections point to a global increase of 1.1°C to 6.4°C by 2100 and U.S expected to be even higher. Such a rapid change in climate would probably cause the rate of species extinction to be increased because the ecosystems could not suitably adapt. Besides, with this warming of global will also came additional sea level rise that will gradually increase the erosion of the beach and flooding from coastal storms, changes in precipitation patterns, increased risk of droughts and floods, threats to biodiversity, and a number of potential challenges for public health. According to a team of health and climate scientists at the World Health Organization and the University of Wisconsin at Madison, global warming has contribute to more than 150,000 deaths and 5 millions illness per year, and those number could double by 2030.

                    One of the major effects of global warming is the climatic change that is being absorbed on the earth. The main effect of global warming was increasing global temperatures. It was causing a broad range of changes. Scientists conclude that the earth could probably be about 1 degree centigrade warmer by 2025 and 3 degrees centigrade warmer by 2100, if current pollution trends continue. These changes in global temperature, although apparently small, but could cause very large changes in climate.  For example, the last Ice Age which ended approximately 15 000 years ago, was only 5 degrees centigrade colder than current temperatures, but the resulting climate changes were massive and most of North America was covered in a layer of ice about 1,5 km thick while sea levels in the Cape were about 120 m lower than at present. As the temperature of oceans rises, so will the probability of more frequent and stronger hurricanes. The total annual power of hurricanes has already increased markedly since 1975 because their average intensity and average duration have increased where there has been a high correlation of hurricane power with tropical sea-surface temperature. Changes in temperature and precipitation patterns increase the frequency, duration, and intensity of other extreme weather events, such as floods, droughts, heat waves, and tornadoes. Although some areas of Earth will become wetter due to global warming, other areas will suffer serious droughts and heat waves. Africa will receive the worst of it, with more severe droughts also expected in Europe. Water is already a dangerously rare commodity in Africa, and according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, global warming will exacerbate the conditions and could lead to conflicts and war. As a further effect of global warming, diseases like malaria are returning into areas where they have been extinguished earlier.

Climate changes also will lead more chance of disease. The temperature increase for the CEE region is the extension of favorable zones for infectious diseases such as dengue fever, the West Nile virus and malaria. According to the World Health Organization, global warming will led to a major increase in insect borne disease in Britain and Europe, as northern Europe becomes warmer, ticks and sand flies carrying encephalitis and Lyme disease are likely to move in. the disease will impact a very large consequences for food security, water availability and health. As a further effect of global warming, diseases like malaria are returning into areas where they have been extinguished earlier. Widespread outbreaks of infections like malaria, dengue fever, tick-bone encephalitis, and diarrheal illnesses. People living in poverty will be hardest hit by the global surge in infectious diseases. Disease-carrying mosquitoes are spreading diseases as the climate allows them to survive formerly inhospitable areas. Dengue fever viruses which carried by mosquitoes were previously limited to elevations of 3,300 feet but recently appeared at 7,200 feet in the Andes Mountains of Colombia Major effect of Global Warming has been noticed in the behavior of the wild life. Various species has extinct due to global warming. The ways how the animals react to a warmer environment can prove that from major changes which are caused due to global warming. Global warming could threats to human’s health. In warmer temperatures, bacteria are usually more effective and multiply much faster compared to cold temperatures. A serious threat to asthmatics could be presented when there is a rising temperatures increase ground-level ozone smog production. Spread of tropical diseases like, malaria and dengue to larger regions. Deaths and illnesses could be increase with the longer-lasting and more intense heat waves. Smog pollution in some areas increased by global warming would intensify pollen allergies as well as asthma. Over the last several decades, the number of pollen allergy and asthma sufferers has increased worldwide. In this case, some researchers gave opinion that this could be an early health effect of human-caused climate change. Local air quality problems can be aggravation by the hotter conditions, and it is already affecting more than 100 million Americans. Allergies can be worsening by air pollution, as in diesel exhaust particles able to interact with pollen and deliver it deeper into pollen. Besides, climate change, such as floods and droughts has the ability to reduce the availability of food. Hence, hunger and malnutrition could be increase. After all, the price of correct treatment will rise at the same time.

Carbon dioxide is a colourless, odourless non-flammable gas and probably is the most prominent greenhouse gas in earth's atmosphere; it released into atmosphere where it remains for 100-200 years. Yet, it causes 9-16% of the greenhouse effect on earth. Mankind use fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas) to generate electricity where fossil fuels were created by the decay of plants from millions of years ago. Fossil fuels contain of carbon, when they combusted, and it will form carbon dioxide. Thus CO₂ is mainly inevitably emitted when mankind burn fossil fuels, wood product and solid waste. Additionally, the more using of automobile engines will release more carbon dioxide to our atmosphere. While carbon dioxide is the principal greenhouse gas, methane (CH4) is the second most prominent. According to the IPCC, Methane is more than 20 times as effective as CO₂ at trapping heat in the atmosphere. CH4 is colourless, odourless and flammable gas which stays in the atmosphere for only 10 years and contributes 4-9% on global warming. Methane normally derived when plants decay and bacteria break down organic matter under oxygen-starved conditions. It occurs when organic matter is trapped underwater, as in rice paddies. Otherwise, it also takes place in the intestines of herbivorous animals, such as cows, sheep and goats. When these animals belch, methane is released meanwhile it is adding a lot of methane to the atmosphere.

Apart from greenhouse gases, forest destruction and population are other causes of global warming. The advances in technology increase the human population use fossil fuels for heat, transportation and manufacturing yet the level of greenhouse gases go along to increase. As the human population increase, mankind need high technology and energy to power the industrialized lifestyle and it will use the land without control which the process of deforestation continues. On the other hand, the more and more carbon dioxide is unable to be stored and it is driving the process of global warming. Deforestation increases severity of global warming due to land-use change. The process of photosynthesis occur when all the living plant absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen. Hence, it creates an optimal balance of gases in atmosphere. Unfortunately, as living plants decay due to being logged for timber and industries perform critical greenhouse effect. There is less carbon dioxide can be recycled and it is released back into atmosphere meanwhile less carbon dioxide conversion to oxygen. Therefore, deforestation will cause more problems toward our earth in the future.

Nitrous oxide has a harmful impact on the global warming although it does not produce in great abundance. N20 is a colourless, non-flammable gas with sweetish odour, which also known as laughing gas and sometime it used as an anesthetic. It is naturally produced by oceans and rainforests; man-made sources nitrous oxide includes nitric acid which is for the use of fertilizers in agriculture. These fertilizers provide nutrients for crops; however, when they break down in the soil, nitrous oxide is released into the atmosphere. In automobiles, cars with catalytic converters produce nitrous oxide at a much lower rate than carbon dioxide, because there is more carbon in gasoline than nitrogen.

          To prevent the global warming from getting worse is not an easy task. Every one of us must dramatically reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. At the same time, there are many human activities which cause global warming. We have to save our world; we can continue our activities but without harm our world. Deforestation is the process of destroying or removing a forest ecosystem. Over the course of history, human has often destroyed forests. More and more businessman often burned tree to have land to obtain additional land. The best solution to solve deforestation is those businessman should cut off the mature trees but don’t kill the baby trees. Besides that, plant trees for each and every trees that are cut as a replacement. As a human living on the earth, use recycled items such as books, toilet paper, even shopping bags. If we do so, we will not waste any of these products so that no new raw material would be requiring replacing them.

       Moreover, fossil fuels are non-renewable resources. They are used in the production of energy, and have been consumed at increasing rates in recent history. Examples of fossil fuels are coal, natural gas, and oil. All three of these are available in a fixed supply, and are being rapidly depleted. However, it took until the beginning of 20^th century for coal to replace wood as the dominant source of fuel for the new industrial economy. And now by using coal, it is much easier and cheaper as well as better source of energy compare to wood. Within ten years, oil and natural gas replaced coal. These fossil fuels are cleaner than coal and easy for transport. Oil can be used when liquid fuel is needed. For the drivers, they are encourage go to solar to reduce your dependence on fossil fuels. Solar power can be expensive to install, but as it grows in popularity, the price of the technology is falling as it becomes more widely adopted. For instance, in college there are many students, and majority of them are from Klang or stay nearby. Hence, to reach the destination together by carpool could help to reduce the use of fossil fuel too. Another method of reducing fossil fuel is turn off the light and electric appliance when we are not using it.

            The increasing temperature of greenhouse gas could cause global warming as well. There are few ways to reduce greenhouse gases. Firstly, obey to the 3R Principle, Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle. Buying products with minimal packaging will help to reduce waste. By reducing half of your household waste, you can save 2400 pounds of carbon dioxide annually. Secondly, reduce the using of heat and air conditioning. Adding insulation to your wall and attic can lower your heating costs more than 25 percent, by reducing the amount energy you have to heat and cool your home. Turn down the heat while you are sleeping at night or away during the day, keep temperatures moderate at all the times. And finally, the last step will be using hot water. By adjusting the water heater at 120 degrees to save energy, and wrap it in an insulating blanket if it is more than 5 years old. Buy low-flow showerheads to save hot water and about 350 pound of carbon dioxide yearly. Next, we wash our clothes in warm or cold water to reduce the usage of hot water and the energy required to produce it. In these cases, could save at least 500 pounds of carbon dioxide annually in every household. Furthermore, for those people who have a dishwasher in their home can use the energy-saving on the dishwasher and let the dishes air-dry.

Global warming is increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s near surface air and oceans since the mid-20^th century and its projected continuation.  The IPCC which known as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change had concluded that most of the observed temperature increases starting from middle of 20^th century was caused by extreme rise in concentrations of greenhouse gases that resulting from human daily activities such as burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. Destruction from humanity had causes our mother earth begins to lose its shape. For example, the melting ice in the North Pole and many more. The consequences of global warming had become more serious that we ever thought as it draws near the destruction of mankind from time to time. As we can see, an increase in global temperature will cause sea levels to rise and will change the amount and pattern of precipitation, and probably includes the expansion of subtropical deserts. The continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice is expected as warming being strongest in Arctic. Meanwhile, other effects occurs due to global warming was the intensity of extreme weather events, species extinctions, and changes in agricultural yields. Political and public debate continues regarding climate change, and what actions to take in response. The available actions are mitigation to reduce further emissions; adaptation to reduce the damage caused by warming; and, more speculatively, reverse the global warming. Besides, most national governments have already signed and ratified the Kyoto Protocol aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Moreover, by noticing the changes that occurs around us, more research and investigation are undergoing in order to obtain a better solution to solve this deadly situation. Finally, in our opinion, human from this decay society are by far the greatest obstacles of creating a perfect planet which is free from global warming. Therefore, in order to resolved this problem. We must all work together with faith that we can and we shall protect our planet earth without any hesitation as global warming can only be reduce if we work together with all our will and strength. God will only help us if we are helping ourselves. So bear in mind, that we are the only one who can save our own planet. Stop polluting and start caring, a better world shall await us in the future.