One of the major effects of global warming is the climatic change that is being absorbed on the earth. The main effect of global warming was increasing global temperatures. It was causing a broad range of changes. Scientists conclude that the earth could probably be about 1 degree centigrade warmer by 2025 and 3 degrees centigrade warmer by 2100, if current pollution trends continue. These changes in global temperature, although apparently small, but could cause very large changes in climate.  For example, the last Ice Age which ended approximately 15 000 years ago, was only 5 degrees centigrade colder than current temperatures, but the resulting climate changes were massive and most of North America was covered in a layer of ice about 1,5 km thick while sea levels in the Cape were about 120 m lower than at present. As the temperature of oceans rises, so will the probability of more frequent and stronger hurricanes. The total annual power of hurricanes has already increased markedly since 1975 because their average intensity and average duration have increased where there has been a high correlation of hurricane power with tropical sea-surface temperature. Changes in temperature and precipitation patterns increase the frequency, duration, and intensity of other extreme weather events, such as floods, droughts, heat waves, and tornadoes. Although some areas of Earth will become wetter due to global warming, other areas will suffer serious droughts and heat waves. Africa will receive the worst of it, with more severe droughts also expected in Europe. Water is already a dangerously rare commodity in Africa, and according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, global warming will exacerbate the conditions and could lead to conflicts and war. As a further effect of global warming, diseases like malaria are returning into areas where they have been extinguished earlier.